Cultures in apa style Essay

As businesses become global, limitations between cultures and environments crumbled little by little. However, within the vastly developing globalization, business observers discovered many ‘unpredictable’ phenomena. These phenomena come to the scope of observation, only after globalization is widely accepted by firms all over the world. One of these phenomena is the success of corporations from unfamiliar cultures, which were previously never expected to generate notable business growth or extraordinary innovation. Some of those companies are IKEA, Volvo, Electrolux, Scania, Hennez and Mauritz, etc. All of these mentioned corporations are Swedish in origins. Nevertheless, there are also significant developments displayed by those cultures which are predicted to dominate future global markets, like the Chinese market. The Chinese business culture and the Swedish business culture represented two different business cultures in terms of common expectations. The Chinese culture has been long predicted to be one of the fastest growing economies in the world due to the size of its markets. The Swedish culture on the other hand, represented a culture which is not predicted to become one of the dominant players in the global economy. In this paper, I am comparing these two business cultures in order to discover their differences and similarities, and thus understanding the origins of their competitive advantages. The comparison between the two cultures will be performed by observing studies that have been previously published and professional websites that develop business guidance to foreign countries. The comparison between the two cultures will be performed by comparing these specific traits, which are: decision and deal-making, conversation, making appointments, perspective regarding profit. 2 Discussions If we are using a specific research method, then within this paper, we are using the qualitative research method, in the sense that the research will not involve numbers and other objective measurements and the results will not be simply defined. In a qualitative research, the purpose is not to generalize an answer to other circumstances, but merely answering a specific question within a specific condition and context. Thus, the answer would be in the form of deep and meaningful explanations and contains discussions that would generate bias if the readers are not diligently capturing the context. As mentioned previously, the comparison between the two cultures will be based on specific traits, which are: ? Decision making ? Business culture ? Perspectives ? Authority ? Implementation of Regulations ? Leadership ? Cultural Context 2. 1 Similarities Both the Swedish and the Chinese culture treat outside information very cautiously. Nevertheless, after proven that the information and the person or the organization providing that information is reliable, than the person or the organization will most likely by a long-time friend of the company. In terms of relationship with the government, both cultures have high respect toward the authority of their government. Thus regulations are highly respected in both countries. Another similarity is the tendency to preserve the dignity of others by avoiding conflict as much as possible 2. 2 Differences 2. 2. 1 Decision Making In terms of deal and decision making, the Chinese people have a weaker respect toward the language English compare to the Swedish. Swedish businessmen generally speak English and ones that do not have the capability to speak English are considered lacking a competitive advantage. In China however, such a perspective has weak powers or even the perspective does not exist at all. Thus, businessmen generally bring an interpreter to China to prevent conversational stuck during negotiations or lobbying. In Sweden, due to the fact that most of their end-customers are American in nationality, English is accepted as a language of business conversation (Alexander, 2006; Bary, 2005). 2. 2. 2 Business Culture Another reason that adds to the importance of taking into account of cultural characteristics of a country is the issue of communication. Different cultures have different styles of business communication. For instant, western managers are generally recognized in their expertise for assembling words. Western managers are generally more talkative than any other. On the other hand, managers from Asian countries do not share the same trait. They prefer actions rather than words. If they choose to say anything, it would generally be short and to-the-point (‘American-Japanese’, 2005). Other communication differences might lie in body languages like nodding, smiling and other manners of speaking and listening. Managers of eastern countries generally have a unique manner of speaking and listening. American managers unaccustomed with these differences usually find it hard to comprehend the meaning of each gestures. Furthermore, politeness in some cultures might involve reversing the meaning from ‘yes’ to ‘no’ or the opposite. In regard of the importance of communication in the business realm, understanding these differences is an important requirement of a good manager. Another cultural aspect that created the differences of managing in different regions is the issue of gender. Surveys indicated that American companies are more liberal in nature, where women had more access to managerial positions rather than any Asian companies like Japanese or Chinese that just performing programs that encourage female leaders to take their stand (Japan’s, 2005). In addition, the Chinese business culture is also very much hierarchical. In a sense, they prefer that people respect them in accordance to their position within an organization. Thus, businessmen promoting a product or an agreement must generally performed presentation in different levels of the organization. In Sweden on the other hand, such a troublesome process is most likely avoided. Business presentation is generally performed only once or twice because all officers from different levels within an organization do not have problems with sitting side by side to each other (‘Making Appointments, 2008). 2. 2. 3 Perspectives Chinese people tend to make decisions using subjective point of view and personal feelings. This is the common design of a high context organization, where respect and unwillingness to confront with leaders slow down quality development. In Sweden on the other hand, decisions are made by both objective and subjective point of views and using both rationality and intuition, however, the basic difference is that the Swedish culture does not have a value of high respect toward leaders that will hamper democracy or objective considerations of the fact (‘Background to Business in China’, 2008). 2. 2. 4 Authority Despite having the same feeling of respect toward the authority of their government both cultures implement their regulations in different intensities. In order to suppress corruption that has been plaguing the country several decades in the past, the Chinese government decided not to go half way in punishing people who broke Chinese business laws. Some punishments are even performed in public to prevent similar occurrences. That is why there is a saying in China that most companies in China use logic, evidence and common sense, only if they do not contradict with the government’ doctrines and rules. In Sweden however, even though the regulations about breaking business laws are clear, the implementation still much ‘softer’ that it is in China (Alexander, 2005; ‘Chinese Deal Making’, 2008). 2. 2. 5 Implementation of Regulations In terms of decision making, the Chinese business culture generally recognize a collective decision making process. The leader will only be decisive and harsh in implementation the collective decision. Before any decision has been made, Chinese leaders have only a slightly higher decision making power compare to their subordinate. Nevertheless, even though the decision has been approved collectively, individuals within the group are still held accountable for his/her suggestions. In the Swedish culture on the other hand, 2. 2. 6 Leadership Leaders in China are meant to lead and even though they have the full right to punish their subordinates, they are expected to take full responsibilities when facing a higher authority. In Sweden on the other hand, leaders are not meant to tell people what to do, they meant to listen and than decide based on the collective decision. This example can be discovered in many types of organizations in Sweden. Even in the sport environment, a Sweden trainer would understand that his/her job is to work with the athlete and performing the trainings his/her way. On the other hand, a Chinese trainer might be furious if the athlete refuses to follow any of his/her orders Gernet, 1996). 2. 3 Cultural Context As mentioned previously, the China business culture is actually a high context culture, in which people are accustomed to be very subtle and shoring very little emotion when expressing a rejection, or a new claim. Sweden on the other hand, is basically a low-context culture, in which managers would prefer that every managerial activity is performed as informal as possible. Not like the United States however, in Sweden people strive more to avoid looking as an individual person, although he/she might have great ideas, it is till the collective thought that would prevail in most meetings. 3 Conclusion According to the previous researches, Sweden and China has quite huge differences, mainly in how they perceive the role of the authority and leaders. Further studies are required to understand the true correlation between these differences and business development in the future. Bibliography Alexander, John. 2006. Swedish Message. Retrieved August 21, 2008 ‘American-Japanese Communication 101’. 2005. WIN Advisory Group. Retrieved August 21, 2008 from http://www. winadvisorygroup. com/AmericanJapaneseComms101. html ‘Background to Business in China’. 2008. World Business Culture. Retrieved August 21, 2008 from www. glo-bis. com/china. htm Bary, Theodore de. â€Å"†Constructive Engagement with Asian Values†Ã¢â‚¬ . Archived from the original on 2005-03-11.. Columbia University. Chinese Business Deal Making. Nd. Los Angeles Chinese Learning Centers. 2008 Retrieved August 21, from chinese-school. netfirms. com/deal. html Gernet, Jacques. A History of Chinese Civilization. 2. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996. ‘Making Appointments’. Nd. Los Angeles Chinese Learning Centers. 2008 Retrieved August 21, from chinese-school. netfirms. com/deal. html

Unusual Article Uncovers the Deceptive Practices of Online College Paper Writing Service

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Factors Affecting Short Term Memory - 1528 Words

The phrase ‘ short term memory’ refers to the limited capacity in the conscious mind that can hold small amounts of information for a short period, in an active and readily available state (Pinel, 2011). The capacity of ones STM varies from one person to another, with many findings suggesting that age, illness and dietary intakes are contributing factors that increase or decrease ones capacity (MacDuffie, Atkins, Flegal, Clark and Reuter-Lorenz, 2012; Chen and Benjamin, 2012; Mahoney, Taylor, Kanarek, 2005). Different Dietary intakes have shown to have major influences upon memory performance tasks, when assessing ones STM capacity. In studies involving rats, natural fruits like blueberries have shown to improve STM performance after consecutive use (Malin, Goyarzu, Chang, Ennis, Beckett and Joseph, 2011), whereas alcohol has been shown to decrease STM performance after consecutive use (Walker and Hunter, 1978). However studies on animals are not reliable because animals have different physiologies and metabolisms to humans (Hackem and Redelmeier, 2006) so their reactions to various stimuli are different. Although, research-involving the consumption of alcohol in humans STM over a period of time (Cermak, Butters and Goodglass, 1971) is consistent with the findings from the studies conducted on rats. This can imply that humans STM can also be affected in a similar way to rats. Therefore natural fruits (high in sugar) could also improve a humans STM capacity. Although theShow MoreRelatedM emory Process1116 Words   |  5 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This paper will analyze the results of the memory test. As a part of the analysis, the paper is addressing the following: working memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory, the paper will also describe the selected test and the results. 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The Memos On Women During The Civil Rights Movement Essay

both races. Two Memos on Women Women learned from their involvement with the civil rights movement to â€Å"think radically about the personal worth and abilities of people whose role in society had gone unchallenged before.† These thoughts, naturally, became part of how women began to place themselves within the civil rights movement and to truly start to think about what being a woman in a civil rights organization, like SNCC meant. In a way SNCC acted similarly to the radical abolitionists of the nineteenth century in that they â€Å"suggested ways that individual discontent could become the basis for large scale political activism.† They began to think about the societal institutions that they were expected to be a part or such as marriage and childrearing. Women in the movement had â€Å"developed too much self-confidence and self-respect to accept subordinate roles passively.† Women such as Casey Hayden and Mary King felt that though they had good relationships wit h the males in leadership roles in SNNC and could lead their own freedom registration programs, they still were often left out of major policy decisions. This feeling of not being as integral in the organization as they hoped led to workshop that discussed women’s roles in SNCC. After the workshop a group of women became frustrated with the discrimination in the movement towards women. They felt that something needed to be done about it. So, Casey Hayden and Mary King wrote the Waveland position paper inShow MoreRelatedContemporary Utilization Of Classical Perspective1575 Words   |  7 Pagesquestion. This theory includes not only the criminal, but the effect the criminal has on those around him/her. Routine Activities Theory. 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The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 16 Free Essays

The Best Therapist in the Entire World The Monday morning after the Eagles beat the Texans, a funny thing happens. I’m doing some initial stretching in the basement, when my father comes down for the first time since I have been home. â€Å"Pat?† he says. We will write a custom essay sample on The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 16 or any similar topic only for you Order Now I stop stretching, stand up, and face him. He’s on the last step, stopped as if he is afraid to set a foot down on my territory. â€Å"Dad?† â€Å"You certainly got a lot of equipment down here.† I don’t say anything, because I know he is probably mad at my mother for buying me a gym. â€Å"There’s pretty good Eagles coverage in the papers today,† he says, and then extends the sports sections of the Courier-Post and The Philadelphia Inquirer to me. â€Å"I got up early and finished reading both so that you could keep up with the team. By your comments yesterday during the game, I could tell you don’t know all of the players, and I thought maybe you’d like to follow along this season now that you’re home and – well, I’ll just leave them on the top step from now on.† I’m too shocked to speak or move, because my father has taken the sports pages with him to work ever since Jake and I were little kids. Jake used to fight with Dad all the time about this, asking him to at least bring home the sports sections after work so we could read the articles after we finished our homework. But Dad always left with the papers before we were out of bed, and he never brought the sports sections home for us ever, saying he forgot or lost them at work. Jake finally subscribed himself when he got his first job stocking shelves at the local Big Foods, and this was when we started reading the daily sports pages together every morning before school. He was twelve; I was thirteen. I do three hundred sit-ups on the Stomach Master 6000 before I allow myself to pick up the paper from the bottom step. As my stomach muscles crunch and burn, I worry that my father is only playing a mean trick on me and that the papers will be the entertainment or food sections, but when I finish the sit-ups and make my way to the steps, I see that Dad really did leave me the sports sections of both papers. When it is time for me to take my a.m. pills, I find my mom in the kitchen cooking eggs. My plate is set at the breakfast bar, and my five morning pills are laid out in a line on a napkin. â€Å"Look,† I say, and hold up what my father gave me. â€Å"Sports pages, eh?† Mom says over the sound of frying eggs. â€Å"Yeah.† I sit down and pop all five pills into my mouth, trying to decide how many I will swallow today. â€Å"But why?† Mom scrapes the eggs from the pan and onto my plate with her spatula. She smiles and says, â€Å"Your father is trying, Pat. But I wouldn’t ask too many questions if I were you. Take what he gives you and be happy – that’s what we do, right?† She smiles at me hopefully, and right then I decide to swallow all five pills, so I take a sip of water and do just that. Every day that week, I hear the basement door open and close, and when I check the top step, I find the sports sections, which I read from cover to cover while I eat breakfast with Mom. The big news is the upcoming Giants game, which everyone thinks will be the key to winning the NFC East, especially since the Giants have already lost to the Indianapolis Colts in game one. A loss will put them at 0 – 2 and the Eagles at 2 – 0. The game is being hyped as a big one, and I have a ticket, thanks to Jake, which makes me really excited. Each night, I wait for my dad to come home from work, hoping he might want to talk about the upcoming game with me – so I can use the current players’ names and prove to him that I am a real fan again – but he always takes his dinner into his study and locks the door. A few times I actually go to his study and raise a fist to knock, but I chicken out every night. Mom says, â€Å"Give him time.† Sitting in the brown recliner, I talk about my dad with Dr. Cliff during my Friday appointment. I tell him how Dad is leaving me the sports sections now, and how I know this is a huge deal for Dad, but I wish he would talk to me more. Cliff listens, but says little about my father. Instead he keeps bringing up Tiffany, which is sort of annoying because she has only been following me when I run, and that’s about it. â€Å"Your mother says you are going to the beach with Tiffany tomorrow,† Cliff says, and then smiles like men sometimes do when they are talking about women and sex. â€Å"I’m going with Ronnie and Veronica and baby Emily too. The whole point is to take Emily to the beach because she did not get to go much this summer and it will be cold soon. Little kids love the beach, Cliff.† â€Å"Are you excited about going?† â€Å"Sure. I guess. I mean, I’ll have to get up super early to get a good workout in and finish when we come home, but – â€Å" â€Å"What about seeing Tiffany in a bathing suit?† I blink several times before I grasp what he has said to me. â€Å"You said before that she has a nice body,† Cliff adds. â€Å"Are you looking forward to seeing it? Maybe she will wear a bikini. What do you think?† I feel mad for a second – because my therapist is sort of being disrespectful – but then I realize Cliff is testing my morals again, making sure I am fit to be out of the mental institution, so I smile, nod, and say, â€Å"Cliff, I’m married, remember?† He nods back wisely and winks, making me feel like I passed the test. We talk a little more about how I made it through a whole week without having an episode, which is evidence that the drugs are working, according to Cliff – because he doesn’t know I spit at least half of the pills into the toilet – and when it is time for me to go, Cliff says, â€Å"I just have one more thing to say to you.† â€Å"What?† He shocks me by jumping to his feet, throwing both hands in the air, and yelling â€Å"Ahhhhhhhhhhhhhh!† So I jump to my feet, throw both hands in the air, and yell â€Å"Ahhhhhhhhhhh!† too. â€Å"E!-A!-G!-L!-E!-S! EAGLES!† we chant in unison, spelling the letters with our arms and legs, and suddenly I am so happy. Cliff predicts a 21 – 14 Eagles victory as he walks me out of his office, and after I agree with his prognosis, we enter the waiting room and my mother says, â€Å"Were you two just doing the Eagles chant?† Cliff raises his eyebrows and shrugs his shoulders at my mother, but when he turns to walk back into his office, he begins whistling â€Å"Fly, Eagles, Fly,† at which point I know that I am seeing the best therapist in the entire world. On the drive home, my mother asks me if Cliff and I talked about anything other than Eagles football during the therapy session, and instead of answering her question, I say, â€Å"Do you think that Dad will start talking to me at night if the Eagles beat the Giants?† Mom frowns, grips the steering wheel a little harder. â€Å"The sad reality is he might, Pat. He really might,† she says, and I start to get my hopes up. How to cite The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 16, Essay examples

Artificial Environment Essay Example For Students

Artificial Environment Essay Boise State UniversityHas Technology morally put the environment and nature on the back burner? Are we living lifestyles that are constantly putting our health at risk? Due to technology our economic status is on the verge of collapsing? Is there a race by Americans to see who could use the resources of the earth faster? These questions and a lot other arise when discussing the problems with our environment. Through my research paper on an artificial environment I hope to cover those problems that come about when arguing the facts about technology. What can we do to prevent the changes we are making in our environment from destroying the physical basis My paper consist of facts which tell us that we are and still will remain an invention of our own environment. Our perception of the world is increasingly shaped by the artificial environment we inhabit.(Mander, 206) Man has made practically everything around us. The natural way of doing things have disappeared. Mans environment has changed so rapidly in recent years that all man can do is absorb and recycle. In the book Im researching called Where Does Humanity Go From Here the author discusses how masculinity or the macho controls our society. .. ..we will continue to seek to dominate nature rather than cooperate with it, we will in time destroy ourselves in the process. (Melissinos, 375) Once we take care of the obvious then we can make progress in having a better human society. Why are simple things people live for in our society not as sufficient in other countries. In more poverty stricken cultures hot showers are major luxuries as well as televisions, radios, and newspapers. We live too much for stuff. Our lifestyles are made up of so many material things that we as a group are setting are self up for failure. Our individuality and selfishness are becoming a burden. As documented in Where Does Humanity Go From Here, it is time for America to give up their radical individualism, because it has done much o fuel the current environmental crisis, the dehumanization of work, and the increasing social instability.(Melissinos, 377) Mans intention in creating new artifacts and modifying his environment was to be relieved from oppressive conditions and to enlarge his capabilities and increase his possibilities. (Conquests of Nature, 59) The urge to alter the conditions of life and to improve them in directions of his own choosing is clearly a basic instinct. Weve developed the comforts of life by our own inventions. (Conquest of Nature, 58) These comforts of life we all need in order to achieve self-gratification. Something that the majority of Americans live for. Things that I believe are considered luxuries is self-gratification which American indulge themselves with. Todays booming technology and nature is taking too much away from nature. For example is there really a night or day. When we encounter darkness a fear arrives. Imagine us without electricity at nighttime, it would be horrific. We evolve around electricity. Were like a child whose always left the light on. (Mander, 208) As a society it is stated that we live in a subconscious sense, with an abundance of security, greed, generosity, and insensitivity. (Meadows, 377) The way I see it is that were losing the battle right now, but still have a chance to win the war. The world requires a spiritual outlook on life revolution. Almost everyone throughout the civilized world pays lip service to the environment today, but not all are realizing the extent of change in attitude and behavior necessary to save the planet. (Melissinos, 377) Basically there is a strong need for change in societies values. In conclusion we have no further choice but to rethink our human intuition and existence in nature. .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd , .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd .postImageUrl , .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd , .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd:hover , .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd:visited , .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd:active { border:0!important; } .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd:active , .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u986f00d468e083674bb26faf26ec79fd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Gods Must Be Crazy Essay If we dont realize nature is us and our kinship, then our technological power will soon destroy nature. Not only will nature be decimated but anything and everything around it, including us. BibliographyMander, Jerry/Meadows, Donella. The Walling of Awareness Inconsistently on Land. Literature and the Environment. Pub. Addison-Wesley Educational. 1999. Pg. 206-214/Pg. 377- 380. Forbes, R. J. The Conquest of Nature. Pub. New York, Praeger. 1968 Pgs. 56-59 Melissinos, Adrian C. Where Does Humanity Go From Here. Principles of Modern Technology. Pub. Cambridge, New York; Cambridge University. Pgs. 375-380

The Potential Market for Apple Ipad in the Uk free essay sample

Firstly, the main body of the report will briefly introduce creative thinking. Then, it will present the approaches for marketing iPad in the UK successfully. After that, it will make a conclusion in a few words. 2. 0 Creative thinking Creative thinking plays a significant part in constantly increasing the amounts of human knowledge, improving perceptivity of human being, as well as opening up new situation for practice. Creativity is the basis for generating innovation which is favorable to improve organizational competitiveness in the marketplace (Amabile, et al, 1996). It can be seen that creative thinking plays a significant role in the success or failure of new product or services in the market. Innovation can be driven by leadership, people management, knowledge management, and creativity management (Prajogo and Ahmed, 2006). The sources of creativity and innovation are people including customers, specialists, groups and teams, as well as individuals. Apple can be regarded as an innovative firm. We will write a custom essay sample on The Potential Market for Apple Ipad in the Uk or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Its innovation capacity comes from innovative chief executive. How to market its products creatively is very crucial for the success of product sales, which ill be discussed in the next section. 3. 0 Recommendations for successfully marketing iPad in the UK Marketing is the root for the survival and development of an organization. Over time, a large number of marketing approaches come to the market, including relationship marketing, direct marketing, service marketing, internet marketing, international marketing and brand marketing and so on. Successful product marketing should attach much importance to many aspects such as market demand, customer preference, price, and marketing mix and etc. The following paragraphs will suggest ways how the iPad can be marketed successfully in the UK. In order to successfully marketing product or services in a new market, the first and most important thing for an organization to do is market research. In this way, the organization can better meet customer demands and preferences by analyzing market researching findings. In general, market research consists of four steps, that is, gathering the data, integrating the evidence, unraveling the insight, and telling the story (Rawlinson, 1970). It is known that iPhone has obtained remarkable success in the market. Owing to this, iPad has already employed the iPhone-style user interface (Johnson and Arthur, 2010). It is apparently that iPad is not creative in this aspect as a result of passive consumption. For successfully marketing, the company must attempt to persuade consumers to accept the uncommonness of the product. The key lies in how to promote its advantages overwhelming its advantages. As a whole, the company must explain clearly about the creation of the product so as to attract the attention of consumers. Otherwise, the marketing of the iPad will suffer from the impediment or even resistance from consumers. In the next place, marketing strategy is one of important factors to help the organization to remain invincible in the increasingly dramatic market competition. The iPad can provide numerous applications for customers but not only limited to web browsing, email and reading e-books (Johnson and Arthur, 2010). At the beginning, Apple did not make a price for iPad in the UK market. However, according to the surveys, a great many customers in the UK reveal that iPad is excessively expensive (Harvey, 2010). It can be seen that cost is a key factor to determine if iPad can be successfully marketed in the UK. On one hand, the company should employ appropriately pricing strategy. Pricing strategies include skimming, market pricing and penetration pricing (Sutton-Brady and Beal, 2008). It is obviously that the UK is a new potential market for Apple. The key for the survival of the company in the new market is to stimulate market and capture market share. For this reason, penetration pricing strategy should be adopted by the company. On the other hand, the company should attempt to reduce cost as much as possible by all means. The last but not the least, promotional methods are also of great importance to the sales of products. Traditional promotional mix mainly includes the elements such as advertising, personnel selling, direct marketing, sales promotion, and public relation. Among them, advertising is an important tool for marketing at any time. Both mature and blind consumers will be guided by the advertisement. What’s more, the returns from advertising are also impressive at short notice. In addition, public relation makes great contribution to corporate image and marketing. However, with the development of media technology, the promotional mix is taking place great changes. Moreover, the communication has already gone through four ages from interruption, entertainment, engagement to dialogue. From this aspect, it can be said that the iPad has already done a good job for media in different sectors including print and publishing, television, and advertising (Arthur, Anderson and Sweney, 2010). It has satisfied the customer demands on entertainment and engagement. According to the statistics, 70% of the content of the web will be user generated until 2010 (Daugherty, Eastin and Bright, 2008). From this, it can be seen that it is very important for an organization to interact with customers. For this reason, customer engagement and interaction should be embodied in every link of marketing. The advertising ideas of iPad will be multiplatform rather than the â€Å"big TV campaign† mentality; furthermore, it will develop creative advertising ideas by a spectrum of consumer engagement (Arthur, Anderson and Sweney, 2010). From the perspective of public relation, traditional public relation messaging techniques may not be perceived as authentic any more. On the contrary, the company should regard user reviews and comments as the new word of mouth. Their messages will become the critical factors to improve the leadership of Apple in the UK market. 4. 0 Conclusion To sum up, marketing is extremely important for the development and expansion of an organization. The report has firstly introduced a little about creative thinking. Then, it has demonstrated how the iPad can be successfully marketed in the UK. Firstly, the company needs to conduct market research and make correspondingly responses by market analysis. Secondly, the company is necessary to formulate appropriately pricing strategy. Thirdly, the company must focus on the interaction with customers in the age of media technology. The iPad can be marketed successfully by effective market reaction, correct pricing strategy, as well as frequent interaction with consumers. References Amabile, T. et al, (1996) Assessing the work environment for creativity, Academy of Management Journal, 39 (5): 1154-1184. Arthur, C. Anderson, K. and Sweney, M. (2010) A Good Job for Media, http://www. guardian. co. uk/media/2010/feb/01/ipad-imapact-on-media, Date accessed on June 8, 2010. Daugherty, T. , Eastin, M. S. and Bright, L. (2008) Exploring Consumer Motivations for Creating User-Generated Content, Journal of Interactive Advertising, 8(2): 1-24. Harvey, M. (2010) British Buyers will Pay More for iPad, but Critics Say Wait, http://business. ti mesonline. co. uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/technology/article7119823. ece, Date accessed on June 8, 2010. Johnson, B. and Arthur, C. 2010) Apple iPad: The Wait is over – but is it Future of Media or Oversized Phone? http://www. guardian. co. uk/technology/2010/jan/27/apple-ipad-tablet-computer-k indle, Date accessed on June 8, 2010. Prajogo, D. I. and Ahmed, P. K. (2006) Relationship between Innovation Stimulus, Innovation Capacity, and Innovation Performance, Ramp;D Management, 36(5): 499-515. Rawlinson, J. G. (1970) Creative Thinking and Brainstorming, London: British Institute of Management. Sutton-Brady, C. and Beal, T. (2008) International Marketing, South Melbourne, Vic: Thomson Learning Australia.